The outline and subjects of this previous study are shown as follows. Dry esp electrostatic precipitator dry esp principle of operation. Information on construction and working of electrostatic precipitators esps is given in this chapter. What is an electrostatic precipitator and how does it purify.
Electrostatic precipitator construction, working, and its. Working principle of electrostatic precipitator electrical4u. In contrast to wet scrubbers, which apply energy directly to the flowing fluid medium, an esp applies energy only to the particulate matter being collected and therefore is very efficient in its consumption of energy. But first, lets learn about electrostatic precipitators, what they are, and how they work. Basically, the steam generated in the boiler of a power plant utilizes hot flue gases for the production of electricity. Emisi debu gas buang ke udara dari suatu aktivitas industri besi, baja, pulp dan kertas, semen, pupuk dan pembangkit listrik menggunakan bahan bakar fosil seperti batubara merupakan sumber utama polusi udara. The electrodes, through a corona effect, emit negatively charged ions into the gas which travel to the grounded collecting plates. The precipitator functions by applying energy only to the particulate matter being collected, without. Turing canes and perforated plate evenly distribute the gas glow inside of the wet electrostatic precipitator. Electrostatic precipitator uses an electrostatic field to remove pollution causing particles from a flowing gas such as air. This design uses materials which are being used for.
Electrostatic precipitator working principles at its most basic, an electrostatic precipitator is an air purification tool that uses electrostatic force to grab and hold dust and other particles. We tend to classify the precipitator as a highefficiency collector, comparable to the fabric baghouse or highpressure venturi scrubber. Working of electrostatic precipitator an esp works because of electrostatic attraction like charges repel. Electrostatic precipitator,esp,working principle of esp in hindi,esp in power plant duration. Supplying high voltage between the collecting electrode and discharge electrode generates a corona discharge that produces minus ions. Electrostatic precipitator, a device that uses an electric charge to remove certain impuritieseither solid particles or liquid dropletsfrom air or other gases in smokestacks and other flues. Vi characteristic principle of electrostatic precipitator 371 discharging electrodes, which are placed in the middle of two discharge electrodes, center distance between auxiliary electrodes is 35 mm. Electro static precipitator is also called in the short form of esp. The operation of electrostatic precipitators is fairly simple. Electrostatic precipitator an overview sciencedirect.
The electric charge on the electrode creates a corona field which imparts a negative charge to the particulate. This precipitator is used to collect pollutants like ash or cement in a dry state. Electrostatic precipitators esps can handle large volumes of air without significantly slowing down the rate of flow, because of the low pressure drop across the electrostatic filter. The electrostatic precipitator works on the principle of a static electric charge attracting particles where they are removed. It is used to filter dust particle in the flue gas in thermal power plant. When a chimney releases these flue gases in the atmosphere without filtering. Electrostatic pr eci pitator elex we work for better air. Jul 25, 2018 electrostatic precipitator does exactly that.
The dirty flue gas escaping through the smokestack is passed through two electrodes. Modeling and simulation of an electrostatic precipitator. Electrostatic precipitator electrostatic air cleaner alphair. As per government low the to avoid air pollution these kind of precipitators are widely used. What is the main principle of an electrostatic precipitator. Electrostatic precipitator esp activated carbon adsorption, bed and injection the function of air pollution control devices generally and for the mact eee rule specifically is to control or remove hazardous air pollutants hap from the off gas stream before being released to the atmosphere. Electrostatic precipitator, also called electrostatic air cleaner, a device that uses an electric charge to remove certain impuritieseither solid particles or liquid dropletsfrom air or other gases in smokestacks and other flues. The spacing between the plates is typically in the range of 2040 cm. Principle of operation electrostatic attraction efficiencyof99%inmanyindustries donnerstag, 12. Electrostatic precipitator using weak corona discharge.
Removing the particulate from the collecting surfaces and discharge electrodes and transfer from the system. Electrostatic precipitation is an extremely efficient way of filtering fine particles from a flowing gas. Lesson 2 electrostatic precipitator components goal to familiarize you with the components of an esp. Esp is a physical process by which particles suspended in gas stream are charged electrically,and under the influence of electric field. Electrodes at high voltage create a corona effect ionized atmosphere surrounding them. The width of the collection plates in a large electrostatic precipitator can be several meters and the height up to 15 m. We are one of the wellknown companies of electrostatic precipitator e. What is an electrostatic precipitator and how does it. The plastic tube can be charged by running a coat hanger with a plastic grocery bag attached to it.
Vi characteristic principle of electrostatic precipitator. Particles suspended in a gas enter the precipitator and pass through ionized zones around the high voltage discharge electrodes. It consists primarily of wires and collection plates, with a high voltage applied from an electrostatic field between the wires and the collecting. The shape these electrodes take depends on the type of electrostatic precipitator used, but they can be metal wires, bars, or plates inside a pipe or the smokestack itself.
A new design is proposed for charging sections by using properties of materials used for thermocouples. Mar 11, 2017 the principle of electrostatic charge encompasses the force between two charges that are static or moving slowly in a medium. We are one of the bestknown early manufacturers of electrostatic air cleaner electrostatic precipitator in china since 1995. An electrostatic precipitator esp is a filtration device that removes fine particles, like dust and smoke, from a flowing gas using the force of an induced electrostatic charge minimally impeding the flow of gases through the unit. Designing electrostatic precipitators for flue gas cleaning after combustion processes requires a great deal of process expertise, as a huge number of. An electrostatic precipitator system may include several sections energized from separate highvoltage supplies.
Dust resistivity measurement and onset of back corona in. Principle of operation of electrostatic precipitator. Total secondary power would not be an adequate indicator for a large multifield esp. High collecting e ciencies approximately 99% and low energy expenditures are the main bene ts of esps 4. Sep 16, 2015 principle of operation of electrostatic precipitator.
An electrostatic precipitator esp is installed at the outlet of the boiler. The electrostatic precipitator uses electrical forces to capture either liquid or solid particulate matter from a flue gas system. Jul 25, 2018 electrostatic precipitator does this work for afurnace system. Esp principle and design free download as powerpoint presentation. Aug 04, 2015 presented by the air pollution control division of thermax limited. The unclean flue gas flowing through the tube is supplied by two electrodes. Plates are periodically rapped vibrated to make the collected particles fall. Operation and maintenance manual for electrostatic. Walzel faculty of bio and chemical engineering, technical university of dortmund, germany abstractelectrical resistivity of the dust, to be separated in an electrostatic precipitator, is an important parameter from the design and operation point of view. In principle, the migration velocity is a very important empirical value for sizing, and with its help the efficiency of the dust removal can be calculated. Sep 25, 2019 how an electrostatic smoke precipitator works. Wet electrostatic precipitator wesp particulate control systems designs can either up flow or down flow relative to where polluted air enters the wesp during the particulates control process. This equation is used to determine the collection efficiency of the precipitator under ideal conditions.
When any fuel is used in the boiler say coal or wood chip or rice husk etc ash is generated. Beltran technologies wet electrostatic precipitator system has been developed for applications for which the standard dry plate type precipitators are not suitable. A gas stream containing suspended particulates is allowed to pass between two electrodes electrically insulated from each. Sep 22, 2016 this is the principle of electrostatic precipitation, and electrostatic precipitator apply this principle on an industrial scale. This is the principle of electrostatic precipitation, and electrostatic precipitator apply this principle on an industrial scale. Features and principles dust collectors electrostatic. Electrostatic precipitatorelectrostatic precipitator. This creates an electrical shield on the plates that lowers the ambient electric field. Background a wet electrostatic precipitator wesp typically is used to control pm emissions in.
Both the tubular and polystage electrostatic precipitators operate on the same principle. The principle of electrostatic precipitator that use corona discharge phenomenon can be described as following. Construction of electrostatic precipitator above figure shows construction of a typical dry electrostatic precipitator. Basically, the steam generated in the boiler of a power plant utilizes hot. Construction, working, operation and maintenance of. The basic principle of an electrostatic precipitator esp is to give particles an electrostatic charge and then put them in an electrostatic field that drives them to a collecting wall. Electrostatic precipitators dedusting flue gases scheuch. An electrostatic precipitator consists of electrically grounded plates with negativelycharged electrode suspended between them. Electrostatic precipitator esp is the most widely used device for particulate emission control. For this reason, an equivalent electrical circuit of the electrostatic field is given, and the currentvoltage characteristics are compared to those observed on an industrial site. Electrostatic precipitator components electrostatic precipitator working.
What is an electrostatic precipitator esp an esp is a device for the cleaning of dust particles from the harmful flue gases that are exposed out from the boiler of a steam power plant. Scribd is the worlds largest social reading and publishing site. Electrostatic precipitator an overview sciencedirect topics. When an electrostatic precipitator runs, we may experience a number of problems causing the performance to be much lower than expected. The electrically charged dusts are attracted towards the collecting electrodes by an electrostatic force. Electrostatic precipitators esp air quality control. Once charged, particles are subject to a transverse electrostatic force that pulls them toward the collecting plates. Collecting the particulate under the influence of the electric field. The electric charge on the electrode creates a corona field. The working principle of the electrostatic precipitator is quite simple. Electrostatic precipitator pollutioncontrol device. Pdf new design for charging section of electrostatic.
An esp uses a high voltage electrostatic field to separate dust, fume or mist from a gas. Electrostatic precipitator working principle, types. Detail information on various components is given in the chapter on electrostatic precipitator components. The studies of the problems that arise during the working of an electrostatic precipitator are also the part of this thesis report. Types of electrostatic precipitators tubularprecipitatorsaregenerallyusedfor collecting mists or fogs, and are most commonlyusedwhencollectingparticlesthat are wet or sticky. The particle separation process in the electrostatic precipitator is based on the principle of electrostatic separation. They are one of the best filtration devices and can remove fine particulate matter such as dust and smoke from the air stream. The particles collected on the collecting plates are removed by methods such as 1 dislodging by rapping the collecting plates, 2 scraping off with a brush, or 3 washing off with water, and removing from a hopper.
What we perceive as a fume, smoke or mist actually are tiny airborne particles, the bulk of it smaller than one micron in size. The electrostatic precipitation process occurs within an enclosed cham ber. A gas stream with particulate material to be removed is introduced between the plates. An electrostatic precipitator esp is a device that removes dust particles from a flowing gas such as air using force of an induced electrostatic attraction i. The flue gases produced due to combustion of solid pulverized fuel in the furnace contain plenty of dust particles. High voltage, direct current electrodes are used to establish a strong electric field. The precipitator functions by applying energy only to the particulate matter being collected, without significantly impeding the flow of gases. Tubular esps have been used to control particulate emissions from sulfuricacidplants,cokeovenbyproductgas cleaning tar removal, and iron and steel sinterplants donnerstag, 12. Monitoring for an esp with many fields becomes more complicated because emissions are highly dependent on how each field is performing. An electrostatic precipitator esp is a particle control device that uses electrical forces to move the particles out of the flowing gas stream and onto collector plates. A simple wireplate electrostatic precipitator esp was constructed in order to test the efficiency of collecting smoke particles from combustion of rubber wood that is used as a source of. Electrostatic precipitatorelectrostatic precipitator bio mass power plantbio mass power plant. In the electrostatic precipitator the particles are removed from the gas stream by utilizing electrical force. Electrical field generationelectrical field generation collection electrodecollection electrode.
In our previous study, published as the reference 1, the two stage electrostatic precipitator esp, hereafter was used, composed of a front stage charger and a rear stage collector. Esp operation electrostatic precipitators use electrostatic charges to separate particles from a dirty gas stream. It consists of electrodes through which the ionized particles are made to flow through and a hopper through which the collected particles are extracted out. These basic principles of the electrostatic precipitation process are illus trated in figure 21. A 2 foot plastic tube in which fluorescent lights are stored can be used to simulate an electrostatic precipitator. Alphair is a trademark held by our company on our highquality electrostatic precipitator to remove exhaust fume and odor from hvac air systems, commercial kitchens, workshops, etc. The electrostatic precipitator working principle is very simple. Electrons are emitted by a negatively charged ionising electrode and accelerated toward a positively charged collecting electrode. Classical designs for electrostatic precipitators in industries use high voltage current. Electrostatic precipitator the perfect design makes the difference forwardthinking technology for flue gas dedusting. Electrostatic precipitators esp collect dust in the flue gas produced by boiler, etc. As a result, particles of high electrical resistivity drift more slowly and are harder to collect. We install this device in the way of flue gases from the furnace to the chimney so that the device can filter the flue gases before they enter the chimney. Modelling and simulation of electrostatic precipitators.
Wet electrostatic precipitator poly stage and tubular. A charged particle in the electrical field experiences a force proportional to the size of the charge and to the strength. When a chimney releases these flue gases in the atmosphere without filtering these dust particles, the atmosphere may get polluted. This is the most efficient way to solve the pollution problem as a result of wood combustion 3, 4. Electrostatic smoke precipitators work by forcing dirty flue gas the gas escaping from a smokestack past two electrodes electrical terminals, which take the form of metal wires, bars, or plates inside a pipe or smokestack.
Objectives at the end of this lesson, you will be able to do the following. The shape of the two electrodes mainly depends on the type of precipitator employed like bars, plates, metal wires, etc. A high intensity electric field is applied between a high tip curvature corona electrode wire and a low tip curvature collector electrode cylinder provides condition for ionization of gas molecules in the nearest vicinity of. The particles are given an electrical charge by forcing them to pass through a corona, a region in which gaseous ions flow. Simulation of corona discharge in dc electrostatic. An electrostatic precipitator is a filtration device that removes fine particles, like dust and smoke, from a flowing gas using the force of an induced electrostatic charge minimally impeding the flow of gases through the unit. The principle of the electrostatic precipitator is a well proven technology.